KOKOSHNIK
Kokoshnik is a traditional Russian head-dress worn by women and girls. It is tied at the back of the head with long thick ribbons in a large bow. During the revival of Russian national culture in the late 19th century, these diadem-shaped tiaras became part of the fficial court dress for royalty and ladies-in-waiting. A woman head wearing the Kokoshnik inside contours of various shapes was used from 1899 to mark Russian silver. These marks are commonly known as "Kokoshnik".
|
KOKOSHNIK MARKS 1899 - 1908 |
In 1896 was introduced a mark with a female head silhouette facing left and silvers fineness expressed in zolotnicki inside an oval oblong or a circular cartouche. On the right side were inscribed the assayer's initials in Cyrillic characters.
![oval Kokoshnik mark 1899-1908, assayer Anatoly Apollonovich Artsybashev, Vilnius oval Kokoshnik mark 1899-1908, assayer Anatoly Apollonovich Artsybashev, Vilnius](KOKOSHNIK3867.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark 1899-1908, assayer A. Riktera, St.Petersburg oval Kokoshnik mark 1899-1908, assayer A. Riktera, St.Petersburg](KOKOSHNIK3882due.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark 1899-1908, assayer Alexander Romanov, St.Petersburg oval Kokoshnik mark 1899-1908, assayer Alexander Romanov, St.Petersburg](KOKOSHNIK3882due.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark, assayer Alexander Virjohovsky, Kiev 1899-1908 oval Kokoshnik mark, assayer Alexander Virjohovsky, Kiev 1899-1908](KOKOSHNIK3872.jpg) |
|
Anatoly Apollonovich
Artsybashev, Vilnius
|
A. Riktera,
St.Petersburg
|
Alexander Romanov,
St.Petersburg
|
Alexander Virjohovsky,
Kiev
|
Ivan Lebedkin,
Moscow
|
![oval Kokoshnik mark assayer I. Sorotkin, 1899 - 1910 oval Kokoshnik mark assayer I. Sorotkin, 1899 - 1910](KOKOSHNIK3879.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark, assayer Kliment Anikievich Zagaewsky, Vilnius 1899-1908 oval Kokoshnik mark, assayer Kliment Anikievich Zagaewsky, Vilnius 1899-1908](KOKOSHNIK3869.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark, assayer Liba Oleksa, Kiev 1899-1908 oval Kokoshnik mark, assayer Liba Oleksa, Kiev 1899-1908](KOKOSHNIK3873.jpg) |
|
|
I. Sorotkin,
Odessa
|
Kliment Anikievich
Zagaewsky, Vilnius,
|
Liba Oleksa,
Kiev
|
Yakor Lyapunov,
St.Petersburg
|
Fyedor Konovolov,
Rostov,
|
OTHER ASSAYERS:
AC
|
A. Solodihova, Kostroma,
1899-1905
|
![GB mark GB mark](ASSAYERKOKGB.jpg)
|
G. Bichkova, Kostroma, 1899
|
![IA mark IA mark](ASSAYERKOKIA.jpg)
|
Ivan Ado, Kazan, 1899-1908
|
![IL mark IL mark](ASSAYERKOKIL.jpg)
|
Yakov Lyapimov, St.
Petersburg, 1899-1903
|
![ISH mark ISH mark](ASSAYERKOKISH.jpg)
|
Joseph Shmidyevsky, Tiflis,
1903-1904
|
. |
. |
KOKOSHNIK MARKS 1908 - 1926 |
In 1908 was introduced a new mark with a more detailed female head facing right and silver fineness expressed in zolotnicki inside an oval oblong cartouche. The left side was inscribed with the town/region symbol.
![oval Kokoshnik mark 1896-1908 assayer Anatoly Apollonovich Artsybashev, Vilnius oval Kokoshnik mark 1896-1908 assayer Anatoly Apollonovich Artsybashev, Vilnius](KOKOSHNIK3885.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark Moscow 1908-1926 oval Kokoshnik mark Moscow 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3887cinque.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark Kiev 1908-1926 oval Kokoshnik mark Kiev 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3891.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik mark Warsaw 1908-1926 oval Kokoshnik mark Warsaw 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKVARS.jpg) |
St.Petersburg
|
Moscow
|
Kiev
|
Warsaw
|
![oval Kokoshnik: 88 zolotniki St. Petersburg 1908-1926 oval Kokoshnik: 88 zolotniki St. Petersburg 1908-1926](SPETERS88.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik: 84 zolotniki Moscow export mark 1908-1926 oval Kokoshnik: 84 zolotniki Moscow export mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKEXP2.jpg) |
![oval Kokoshnik: 88 zolotniki Moscow export mark 1908-1926 oval Kokoshnik: 88 zolotniki Moscow export mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKEXP1.jpg) |
. |
. |
. |
St.Petersburg (88 zol.)
|
Moscow export 84 zol.
|
Moscow export 88 zol.
|
. |
The town or Region symbol was on the left of the oval
cartouche expressed in a letter of the Greek alphabet:
![Town symbol of St.Petersburg in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of St.Petersburg in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKSP.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Moscow in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Moscow in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKMO.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Moscow in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Moscow in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKIOTA.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Odessa in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Odessa in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKOD.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Kiev in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Kiev in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKKI.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Caucasus Region in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Caucasus Region in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKCA.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Vilnius in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Vilnius in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKVI.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Riga in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Riga in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKRI.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Kostroma in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Kostroma in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKKO.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Kazan in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Kazan in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKKA.jpg) |
![Town symbol of Don Region in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 Town symbol of Don Region in Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKDO.jpg) |
St.Petersburg Alfa
|
Moscow Delta
|
Warsaw Iota
|
Odessa Kappa
|
Kiev Ni
|
Caucasus Omicron
|
Vilnius Pi
|
Riga Sigma
|
Kostroma Tau
|
Kazan Ypsilon
|
Don Chi
|
Besides the oval mark, was available also a circular kokoshnik mark struck as a garniture mark on small items or on auxiliary parts of an ensemble en suite. The assay office was indicated by a Morse-code like series of dots and dashes around the perimeter of the mark.
![circular Kokoshnik mark St.Petersburg 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark St.Petersburg 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3886due.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Moscow 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Moscow 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3888due.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Odessa 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Odessa 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3890.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Kiev 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Kiev 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3892.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Caucasus 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Caucasus 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3894.jpg) |
St.Petersburg
|
Moscow
|
Odessa
|
Kiev
|
Caucasus
|
![circular Kokoshnik mark Vilensk 1908-1926 circular Vilensk mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3896.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Riga 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Riga 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3898.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Kostroma 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Kostroma 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3900.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Kazan 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Kazan 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3902.jpg) |
![circular Kokoshnik mark Don 1908-1926 circular Kokoshnik mark Don 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIK3904.jpg) |
Vilensk
|
Riga
|
Kostroma
|
Kazan
|
Don
|
Other Kokoshnik marks used in the period 1908-1926
Russian silver is highly appreciated by collectors and antiques' market is invaded by a wide production of modern forgeries made in Poland, Ukraine, Romany, Hungary and other East European countries. They bear counterfeit Imperial Russia marks. These are examples of fake Kokoshnik 1908-1926 marks.
![fake Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 fake Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKFAKE.jpg) |
![fake Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926 fake Kokoshnik mark 1908-1926](KOKOSHNIKFALSO1.jpg) |
. |
. |
. |
LATE 20th CENTURY KOKOSHNIK MARKS |
The Kokoshnik mark (1908-1926 version) was reinstated in 1985 creating some confusion in the dating of Russian silver and opening the way to the possibility of deliberate falsification.
More recently the kokoshnik mark was slightly modified assuming rounder contour than the pre-Revolutionary form.
![late 20th century Kokoshnik mark late 20th century Kokoshnik mark](KOKOSHNIKMODERNO3.jpg) |
. |
. |
. |
Late 20th Century
|
. |
. |
. |
![English home page](logo6.jpg)
www.silvercollection.it |
This is a page of 'The What is? Silver Dictionary' of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, Sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen, Elkington), history, oddities ...
HOME - SITE MAP - SILVER DICTIONARY - COOKIES CONSENT AND PRIVACY |
|
|