(FROM 1797 TO PRESENT DAYS) |
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created by Giorgio B. owner of www.silvercollection.it ©  |
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This is a page of A
Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu,
a 1000 pages richly illustrated website offering all you
need to know about antique silver, sterling silver,
silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver,
silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements,
marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs,
famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen, Elkington,
WMF, Reed & Barton, Mappin & Webb, Bateman Family),
history, oddities ...
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DIRECTORY OF FRENCH SILVERSMITHS HALLMARKS
REPERTOIRE DES ORFEVRES FRANCAIS AA AH B CA CG D EA EJ F GA GH HA HG I JA JH K LA LH MA MH N O PA PH Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
FRENCH SILVERPLATE MARKS
 DIRECTORY BY INITIALS/SYMBOLS DIRECTORY BY NAMES MAKER'S MARK INITIAL: A - B C - D E - K L - O P - Z |
In 1791 in France the Fermes Générales (Silversmith Corporation) was abolished and the ancient
duty collector (Jean-Francois Kalandrin) was requested to resume his activity. |
| French Silver Marks from 1793 to 1798 |
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not official hallmark used by Silversmiths' Association (Association des Orfévres) 1793-1794
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not official hallmarks used by Silversmiths'
Association (Association des Orfévres) 1795-1797 1st (left) and 2nd (right) standard  |
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1st standard 1797  |
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hallmarks until 19 June 1798 1st (left)- 2nd (center) - 3rd (right) standard |
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hallmarks until 19 June 1798: small objects  |
Only in 1797 a hallmarking system (with standard fineness 'per thousands') was reintroduced.
Loi du 19 Brumaire an VI (Law 9 November 1797)
French silver hallmarks from 19 June 1798 to 1st September 1809
'Contremarque' (Grosse Recense): Paris (left) and Départements (right) large objects
Paris (left) and Départements (right) 950/1000
Paris (left) and Départements (right) 800/1000
Guaranty Paris (85) and Départements (50 Haute-Marne)
large objects (grosse garantie)
Guaranty Paris (85) and Départements (25 Eure Evreux)
medium objects (moyenne garantie)
Guaranty small objects (petite garantie) 1798-1809, Paris and Départements (the same hallmark, faisceau avec listel)
"objets de hasard" Paris and Départements (the same hallmark)
fineness not guaranteed
Imported silver Paris and Départements
large objects
Imported silver Paris and Départements
small objects
Loi du 11 Prairial an XI (Law 31 May 1803)
French silver hallmarks from 1 November 1809 until 1819
'Contremarque' (Recense) silver 800/1000: Paris (left) and Départements (right) large objects
'Contremarque' (Recense): Paris (left) and Départements (right) medium objects
'Contremarque' (Recense): Paris (left) and Départements (right) small objects
Paris (left) and Départements (right) 950/1000
Paris (left) and Départements (right) 800/1000
Guaranty large objects Paris (left) and Départements (right) (34 Indre-Chateauroux)
Guaranty medium objects Paris (left) and Départements (right) (34 Indre-Chateauroux)
Guaranty small objects (petite garantie), Paris (left, faisceau avec hache au milieu à gauche) and Départements (right, faisceau avec hache en haut à droite)
Imported silver Paris and Départements
large objects (left) and small objects (right)
Inventory mark (poinçon de recense) Paris 1819 (between August 16 and November 16): large objects, fleur de lys dans un cadre ovale (left) small objects, fleur de mouron dans un cadre à six lobes (right)
Inventory mark (poinçon de recense) Départements 1819 (between August 16 and November 16): large objects, tête de levrette à droite dans a cadre ovale
French silver hallmarks from 16 August 1819 to 10 May 1838
Paris (left: "viellard" or "Michel-Angel") and Départements (right: "vieille femme") 950/1000
Paris (left: "Raphaël") and Départements (right: "Socrate") 800/1000
Guaranty large objects (grosse Garantie) Paris (left: "Cérès") and Départements (right: "Hercule" into an oval)
Paris: guaranty medium objects (moyenne garantie) (left: "Masque") and Paris small objects (petite garantie) (right: tête de lièvre)
Guaranty Regional marks small objects (poinçons "régionaux" petite garantie)
RÉGIONS: 1st Nord/North, un papillon/a butterfly - 2nd Nord-Est/North-East, une tortue/a turtle - 3rd Est/East, une coquille/a shell - 4th Sud-Est/South-East, un trombidion/a trombidion - 5th Sud/South, un poisson/a fish - 6th Sud-Ouest/South-West, une grenouille/a frog - 7th Ouest/West, un limaçon/a snail - 8th Nord-Ouest/North-West, une raie/a manta 9th Centre/Center, un cochon d'Inde/a guinea pig
Inventory mark (poinçon de recense) 1835-1838: large objects (left) small objects (right)
French silver hallmarks from 10 May 1838 until 1973
large objects 950/1000 fineness (left: "Minerve casquée") and 800/1000 (right: "Minerve casquée")
small objects fineness 800/1000 (petite garantie), Paris, 1838-1984 (left, tête de sanglier) and Departments (right, crabe avec listel)
Hallmarks of imported and exported items
export marks 1840-1878, large objects (tête de Mercure), Paris and Départments and small objects (droite)
export marks after 1878, large objects (tête de Mercure), 1st title (left), 2nd title (center), and small objects (droite)
imported objects 800/1000, 1838-1864 (left), from 1 July 1864 to 30 June 1893 and from July 1, 1893 to February 28, 1990 (charançon, right)
imported objects without guaranty 1864-1893 Paris (left) and Departements (right)
large imported objects, Paris (left) and Departements (center) 1819-1838
watches and objects imported or of unknown origin after 1893 (cygne, right)
French silver hallmarks 1973 - present
silver fineness 925/1000
the letter on the right identifies the period: A (1973-1982), B (1983-1992), C (1993-2002), D (2003-2013), E (2014-2023). Rule largely disapplied by French Assay Offices. In 2023, Paris uses the letter B and Lyon the letter D.
silver fineness 800/1000
silver fineness 800/1000 after 1994. This is the most common mark on silver jewelry, as it is punched by the maker (petite garantie)
silver fineness 999/1000
import mark after 1893. A larger version was made in 1962
Bibliography: Les poincons francais des metaux precieux by Michael Fieggen (French hallmarks for precious metals).
The book is in French, with a page-by-page translation in English supplied with it. Published February 2024, it is the only book on French hallmarks currently in print.
Order contact: bijouregional@gmail.com
Russia
Italy
France
England
Germany
Hanau
Austria
American Silver Plate marks
English Electroplate silver marks
Old Sheffied Plate marks
Fabergé
Gorham
International Silver Co
Georg Jensen
Kirk Stieff
Meriden Britannia
Reed & Barton
Rogers
Tiffany & Co
Towle
Wallace
Wiener Werkstatte
WMF
This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique
Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1000 pages richly
illustrated website offering all you need to know about
antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield
plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea
services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks,
articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths
(Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen, Elkington, WMF, Reed & Barton,
Mappin & Webb, Bateman Family), history, oddities ...
SITE MAP
SILVER DICTIONARY
| Loi du 19 Brumaire an VI (Law 9 November 1797) French silver hallmarks from 19 June 1798 to 1st September 1809 |
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'Contremarque' (Grosse Recense): Paris (left) and Départements (right) large objects 
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Paris (left) and Départements (right) 950/1000 
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Paris (left) and Départements (right) 800/1000 
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Guaranty Paris (85) and Départements (50 Haute-Marne) large objects (grosse garantie) 
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Guaranty Paris (85) and Départements (25 Eure Evreux) medium objects (moyenne garantie) 
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Guaranty small objects (petite garantie) 1798-1809, Paris and Départements (the same hallmark, faisceau avec listel)  |
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"objets de hasard" Paris and Départements (the same hallmark) fineness not guaranteed |
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Imported silver Paris and Départements large objects  |
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Imported silver Paris and Départements small objects |
| Loi du 11 Prairial an XI (Law 31 May 1803) French silver hallmarks from 1 November 1809 until 1819 |
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'Contremarque' (Recense) silver 800/1000: Paris (left) and Départements (right) large objects 
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'Contremarque' (Recense): Paris (left) and Départements (right) medium objects 
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'Contremarque' (Recense): Paris (left) and Départements (right) small objects 
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Paris (left) and Départements (right) 950/1000 
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Paris (left) and Départements (right) 800/1000 
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Guaranty large objects Paris (left) and Départements (right) (34 Indre-Chateauroux) 
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Guaranty medium objects Paris (left) and Départements (right) (34 Indre-Chateauroux) 
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Guaranty small objects (petite garantie), Paris (left, faisceau avec hache au milieu à gauche) and Départements (right, faisceau avec hache en haut à droite)  |
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Imported silver Paris and Départements large objects (left) and small objects (right)  |
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Inventory mark (poinçon de recense) Paris 1819 (between August 16 and November 16): large objects, fleur de lys dans un cadre ovale (left) small objects, fleur de mouron dans un cadre à six lobes (right) 
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Inventory mark (poinçon de recense) Départements 1819 (between August 16 and November 16): large objects, tête de levrette à droite dans a cadre ovale 
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| French silver hallmarks from 16 August 1819 to 10 May 1838 |
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Paris (left: "viellard" or "Michel-Angel") and Départements (right: "vieille femme") 950/1000 
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Paris (left: "Raphaël") and Départements (right: "Socrate") 800/1000 
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Guaranty large objects (grosse Garantie) Paris (left: "Cérès") and Départements (right: "Hercule" into an oval) 
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Paris: guaranty medium objects (moyenne garantie) (left: "Masque") and Paris small objects (petite garantie) (right: tête de lièvre) 
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Guaranty Regional marks small objects (poinçons "régionaux" petite garantie) RÉGIONS: 1st Nord/North, un papillon/a butterfly - 2nd Nord-Est/North-East, une tortue/a turtle - 3rd Est/East, une coquille/a shell - 4th Sud-Est/South-East, un trombidion/a trombidion - 5th Sud/South, un poisson/a fish - 6th Sud-Ouest/South-West, une grenouille/a frog - 7th Ouest/West, un limaçon/a snail - 8th Nord-Ouest/North-West, une raie/a manta 9th Centre/Center, un cochon d'Inde/a guinea pig 
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Inventory mark (poinçon de recense) 1835-1838: large objects (left) small objects (right) 
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| French silver hallmarks from 10 May 1838 until 1973 |
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large objects 950/1000 fineness (left: "Minerve casquée") and 800/1000 (right: "Minerve casquée") 
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small objects fineness 800/1000 (petite garantie), Paris, 1838-1984 (left, tête de sanglier) and Departments (right, crabe avec listel) 
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| Hallmarks of imported and exported items |
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export marks 1840-1878, large objects (tête de Mercure), Paris and Départments and small objects (droite) 
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export marks after 1878, large objects (tête de Mercure), 1st title (left), 2nd title (center), and small objects (droite) 
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imported objects 800/1000, 1838-1864 (left), from 1 July 1864 to 30 June 1893 and from July 1, 1893 to February 28, 1990 (charançon, right) 
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imported objects without guaranty 1864-1893 Paris (left) and Departements (right)  |
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large imported objects, Paris (left) and Departements (center) 1819-1838 watches and objects imported or of unknown origin after 1893 (cygne, right) 
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| French silver hallmarks 1973 - present |
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silver fineness 925/1000  the letter on the right identifies the period: A (1973-1982), B (1983-1992), C (1993-2002), D (2003-2013), E (2014-2023). Rule largely disapplied by French Assay Offices. In 2023, Paris uses the letter B and Lyon the letter D. |
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silver fineness 800/1000  |
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silver fineness 800/1000 after 1994. This is the most common mark on silver jewelry, as it is punched by the maker (petite garantie)  |
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silver fineness 999/1000 |
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import mark after 1893. A larger version was made in 1962 |
Bibliography: Les poincons francais des metaux precieux by Michael Fieggen (French hallmarks for precious metals). The book is in French, with a page-by-page translation in English supplied with it. Published February 2024, it is the only book on French hallmarks currently in print. 
Order contact: bijouregional@gmail.com |
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| Russia | Italy | France | England | Germany | Hanau | Austria |
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| American Silver Plate marks | English Electroplate silver marks | Old Sheffied Plate marks |
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Fabergé |
Gorham |
International Silver Co |
Georg Jensen |
Kirk Stieff |
Meriden Britannia |
Reed & Barton |
Rogers |
Tiffany & Co |
Towle |
Wallace |
Wiener Werkstatte |
WMF |
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