HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION - ILLUSTRATED LISTING

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS

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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS
ILLUSTRATED LISTING OF SILVER MAKERS MARKS
W& - WA
A&/AC    AD/AK    AL/AZ    B&/BB    BC/BO    BP/BZ    C&/CA    CB/CC    CD/CF    CG/CL    CM/CS    CT/CZ    D&/DB    DC/DL    DM/DZ    E&/EA    EB/ED    EE/EH    EI/EO    EP/EZ    F&/FD    FE/FJ    FK/FZ    G&/GB    GC/GG    GH/GL    GM/GR    GS/GZ    H&/H&    HA/HB    HC/HE    HF/HL    HM/HU    HV/HZ    I&/IG    IH/IL    IM/IZ    J&/JA    JB/JC    JD/JG    JH/JK    JL/JQ    JR/JR    JS/JS    JT/JZ    K&/KZ    L&/LB    LC/LZ    M&/MB    MC/MI    MJ/MZ    N&/NZ    O&/OZ    P&/PK    PL/PZ    QA/QZ    R&/RB    RC/RG    RH/RK    RL/RQ    RR/RZ    S&/SB    SC/SI    SJ/SR    SS/SZ    T&/TC    TD/TG    TH/TN    TO/TS    TT/TZ    U&/UZ    V&/VZ    W&/WA    WB/WB    WC/WC    WD/WE    WF/WG    WH/WL    WM/WM    WN/WR    WS/WS    WT/XZ    Y&/YZ    Z&/ZZ   

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MAKER'S MARKS
AA/AE    AF/AZ    BA/BZ    CA/CH    CI/CZ    DA/DZ    EA/EZ    FA/FZ    GA/GZ    HA/HG    HH/HZ    IA/IG    IH/IZ    JA/JC    JD/JI    JJ/JP    JQ/JS    JT/JZ    KA/LZ    MA/MZ    NA/PA    PB/PZ    QA/RJ    RK/RZ    SA/SG    SH/SZ    TA/TH    TI/TZ    UA/WB    WC/WF    WG/WL    WM/WS    WT/ZZ   

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES
 A    B    C    D     E    F    G    H    I    J    K    L    M    N    O    P    Q    R    S    T    U    V    W    X     Y    Z 
| |HOW TO READ ENGLISH/BRITISH STERLING  SILVER MARKS| | DUTY MARKS | LEOPARD'S HEAD | LONDON MARKS | WOMEN SILVERSMITHS | PSEUDO HALLMARKS | IMPORT MARKS | CONTEMPORARY MARKS | HERALDRY & FAMILY CRESTS | OLD ADVERTISEMENTS | FACTORIES & SHOPS: OLD IMAGES |
(click on the photo to enlarge image)


W under a crown mark, West & Son, Dublin 1918
W under a crown
West & Son,
Dublin 1918 hallmark
W & C M mark, W & C Manton, Birmingham 1887
W & C M
W & C Manton ,
Birmingham 1887 hallmark
W 'star' 'star' & Co mark, White & Co, Birmingham 1882 W 'star' 'star' & Co mark, White & Co, Birmingham 1882
W 'star' 'star' & Co
White & Co,
7 Vyse St, Birmingham
Birmingham 1882 hallmark
courtesy www.acsilver.co.uk
W & Co into two squares and a lozenge mark, Wolfsky & Co, London 1912 W & Co into an oval mark, Wolfsky & Co, London 1923
W & Co into two squares and a lozenge
W & Co into an oval
Wolfsky & Co,
mark entered by Serle Bernard Wolfsky, partner
London 1912 hallmark
London 1923 hallmark
W & Co (S) into an oval mark, not identified, Sheffield 1928
W & Co (S) into an oval
not identified,
Sheffield 1928 hallmark
W & F R into a chamfered rectangle mark, W & F Rabone - Walter Hayes Rabone & Frank Rabone, Birmingham 1913
W & F R into a chamfered rectangle
W & F Rabone - Walter Hayes Rabone & Frank Rabone,
49 Frederick Street and 39 Albion Street, Birmingham
Birmingham 1913 hallmark
W&H mark, Walker & Hall, Sheffield 1916 W&H mark, Walker & Hall, Chester 1934
W&H
Walker & Hall,
Sheffield 1916 hallmark
Chester 1934 hallmark
The business was established in Sheffield in 1845 by George Walker. Becoming an assistant of Dr. John Wright who had conducted important experiments on electroplating Walker secured the royalty of electroplating for Sheffield. The business was joined by Henry Hall and became in 1853 Walker & Hall. The factory was at Howard Street, Sheffield, while showrooms were opened in 45 Holbornn Viaduct, London. Branches were opened in Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Newcastle, Cardiff, Belfast, Hull, Bristol, Melbourne and Adelaide (Australia), Cape Town (South Africa). Walker & Hall was converted into a limited liability company in 1920 under the style Walker & Hall Ltd and combined in 1963 under the British Silverware Ltd with Mappin & Webb and Elkington & Co.
W&H into a flag mark, Walker & Hall, Sheffield 1901 W&H into a flag mark, Walker & Hall, Chester 1907
W&H into a flag
Walker & Hall
,
Howard Street, Sheffield
Sheffield 1901 hallmark


Chester 1907 hallmark
W under a crown mark, West & Son, Dublin 1918
W under a crown
West & Son,
Dublin 1918 hallmark
W & C into a rectangle mark, Wheeler & Cronin -Mary Wheeler & James Bartholomew Cronin, Birmingham 1843
W & C into a rectangle
Wheeler & Cronin -Mary Wheeler & James Bartholomew Cronin,
Birmingham 1843 hallmark
W & C M mark, W & C Manton, Birmingham 1887
W & C M
W & C Manton ,
Birmingham 1887 hallmark
W 'star' 'star' & Co mark, White & Co, Birmingham 1882 W 'star' 'star' & Co mark, White & Co, Birmingham 1882
W 'star' 'star' & Co
White & Co,
7 Vyse St, Birmingham
Birmingham 1882 hallmark
courtesy www.acsilver.co.uk
W & Co into two squares and a lozenge mark, Wolfsky & Co, London 1912
W & Co into two squares and a lozenge
Wolfsky & Co,
mark entered by Serle Bernard Wolfsky, partner
London 1912 hallmark
W & Co (S) into an oval mark, not identified, Sheffield 1928
W & Co (S) into an oval
not identified,
Sheffield 1928 hallmark
W & F R into a chamfered rectangle mark, W & F Rabone - Walter Hayes Rabone & Frank Rabone, Birmingham 1913
W & F R into a chamfered rectangle
W & F Rabone - Walter Hayes Rabone & Frank Rabone,
49 Frederick Street and 39 Albion Street, Birmingham
Birmingham 1913 hallmark
W&H mark, Walker & Hall, Sheffield 1916 W&H mark, Walker & Hall, Chester 1934 W&H mark, Walker & Hall, Birmingham 1932
W&H
Walker & Hall,

Sheffield 1916 hallmark

Chester 1934 hallmark

Birmingham 1932 hallmark
Business was established in Sheffield in 1845 by George Walker. The business was joined by Henry Hall and became in 1853 Walker & Hall. Walker & Hall was converted into a limited liability company in 1920 under the style Walker & Hall Ltd and combined in 1963 under the British Silverware Ltd with Mappin & Webb and Elkington & Co. ... MORE....
W&H into a flag mark, Walker & Hall, Sheffield 1901 W&H into a flag mark, Walker & Hall, Chester 1907
W&H into a flag
Walker & Hall
,
Sheffield 1901 hallmark




Chester 1907 hallmark
Howard Street, Sheffield...MORE....
W & K into an oblong rectangle mark, Wardell & Kempson, Birmingham 1825
W &K into an oblong rectangle
Wardell & Kempson
Birmingham 1825 hallmark
W & S mark, Wilson & Sharp, Edinburgh 1895 W & S mark, Wilson & Sharp, Glasgow 1865
W & S into an oblong chamfered rectangle
Wilson & Sharp
,
Edinburgh 1895 hallmark


Glasgow 1865 hallmark
W&S in a clover mark, West & Son, Dublin 1954
W&S in a clover
West & Son,
Dublin 1954 hallmark
W.A mark, William Adams Ltd,  Birmingham 1940
W.A
William Adams Ltd,
Birmingham 1940 hallmark
W.A into two conjoined circles mark, William Aitken, Chester 1895
W.A into two conjoined circles
William Aitken,
Vyse Street, Birmingham
Chester 1895 hallmark
W.A into an oval mark, William Aitken, Birmingham 1910 W.A into an oval mark, William Aitken, Chester c. 1900 W.A into an oval mark, William Aitken, Chester c. 1900
W.A into an oval
William Aitken
,
Vyse Street, Birmingham
Birmingham 1910 hallmark



Chester c. 1900 hallmark
W.A into a rectangle mark, William Aitken, Birmingham 1970
W.A into a rectangle
not identified
Birmingham 1970 hallmark
W.A.H into a rectangle mark, W.A. Humphries Ltd -Walter Albert Humphries-, Birmingham 1973
W.A.H into a rectangle
W.A. Humphries Ltd -Walter Albert Humphries-,
Hockley Hill and 65 Hunters Vale, Birmingham
Birmingham 1973 hallmark (note the special mark used for the bi-centenary of Birmingham Assay Office)
W.A.P.W into an oval mark, W A P Watson Ltd, Birmingham 1936
W.A.P.W into an oval
W A P Watson Ltd,
Northampton Street and later Great Hampton Street, Birmingham
Birmingham 1936 hallmark


BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS




MORE on the tutorial:     HOW TO READ ENGLISH/BRITISH STERLING  SILVER MARKS

The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each silver piece manufactured or traded in the UK. The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the Assay Office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edinburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased, certifiying the silver quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718

Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office (usually the initials of Christian name and surname of the silversmith)

examples of maker's mark

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the Assay Office
London date letter 'a'

A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890: Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of the duty

Sovereign head: duty mark George III, 1784 Sovereign head: duty mark George III, 1795 Sovereign head: duty mark George IV, 1822 Sovereign head: duty mark George IV, 1825 Sovereign head: duty mark William IV, 1835 Sovereign head: duty mark Victoria, 1838


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