HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: CA - CH
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = Chester   [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDIMBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW    [L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   
[S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE
C&A (Collett & Anderson [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&B (Cocks & Bettridge [ B ] )19th c./1st half
C&C (Collins & Cook [ B ][ C ][ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half-20th c.
C&C (Albert Cohen & Charles Solomon [B][S] ) 20th c.
C&C (not identified) London 1927
C&Co (Carrington & Co [ L ][ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
C& Co (Collingwood & Co [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
C&F (Cropp & Farr [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&N (Crisford & Norris [ B ][ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&R over C into a trefoil (Charles & Richard Comyns [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&S into a shield (Clark & Sewell [ B ][ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&SLtd (Clark & Sewell Ltd [[ S ]) 20th c./1st half
C&SLtd (Collingwood & Sons -Middlesbrough - possibly-[ B ][) 20th c./1st half
C&Sns into an oblong rectangle (Chaplin & Sons [ L] ) entered 1890
C&W (Clark & West [ D] ) 19th c./1st half
C&W (Catchpole & Williams Ltd [ L] ) 20th c.
C&WPt (Charles Padgett & Walter Padgett [ L ] )
CA (Charles Asprey [ L ] ) end 19th c.
CA (Charles Aldridge [ L ] ) end 18th c.

CA over CA (Charles Asprey & Charles Asprey junior [L]) 19th c./2nd half
C.A.F (Charles Arthur Faraday [L]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
C.A.F into a shield (Charles Arthur Faraday [L]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
C.A under H over G (Charles Aldridge & Henry Green [L]) 18th c./2nd half
CA.GA (Charles Asprey and George Asprey now Asprey & Co [ L ]) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
CAM over ERON Alexander Cameron [E][N]) 19th c./1st half
CB (Charles Boyton I [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
CB into a rectangle (Cornelius Bland [L]) mark entered in 1772 and 1788
CB into two conjoined circles (Charles Boyton II [L]) 19th c./2nd half
CB into an oval (Charles Boyton II [L]) 19th c./2nd half
CB into an oval (Charles Boyton III [L]) beginning 20th c.
CB (Charles Boyton [L]) 20th c./1st half
C.B (Charles Boyton I [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
CB over &S into a shield (Cooper Bros & Sons [S] ) 20th c.
C.B over &S into a shield (Cooper Bros & Sons [S] ) 20th c.
CB over & over S into a clover (Charles Boyton & Son [B][L]) 20th c./1st half
C.B over E.P (Charles Belk & E Parkin [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
CBrs into an oval (Clifford Bros [B] ) 20th c./1st half
C.Brs (Clifford Bros -possibly- [B]) 20th c./1st half
CB over S (Charles Boyton &Sons [ L ][ B ] ) end 19th c.
CBT&Co (C B Thomas & Co [B]) 20th c./1st half
CB over TB (Christopher & Thomas Wilkes Barker [L]) 19th c./1st half
CC (Christopher Cummins [ D ] )19th c./1st half
CC (Clement Cheese [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
CC (not identified [ C ] ) 1900
C.C (Colen Hewer Cheshire [ B ][ C ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
C.C (Charles Chesterman II [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
C.C.G.C into an oval (C C G Cave [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
CCP into a quatrefoil (Sibray, Hall & Co -Charles Clement Pilling- [ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
C.C.P into a quatrefoil (Sibray, Hall & Co -Charles Clement Pilling- [ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
CD (Charles Dickson [ E ] ) mid 18th c.
CD (Charles Dalgleish [ E ] )19th c./1st half
CD (Charles Henry Dunemil [ L ] )19th c./2nd half
CDL into an oval (Carel David Lotter [CAPE]) 1815 c.
CE into a shield (Charles Edwards [ L ]) 20th c./1st half
CE (Charles Eley [ L ] 19th c./1st half
C.E into a shield (Charles Edwards [ L ]) 19th c./2nd half-20th c./1st half
C.E (Christopher Eades [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
C.E into a chamfered rectangle (not identified [ L ]) 1935
Ce&Fd (Constantine & Floyd [ B ][ S ] ) end 19th c.-20th c./1st half
C e & Fd (Constantine & Floyd [ B ]) end of 19th c.
Ce&Fd Ld (Constantine & Floyd Ltd [ B ]) end 19th c.-20th c./1st half
C.EA (Charles Edward Adams [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
CES (Charles Edward Soloman [ B ] ) end 19th c.
C.E.T (C E Turner [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
C.E.W (C E Williams [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half

C.E.W&S (C E Williams & Son [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
CF into an oval (Charles Faberge [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
CF into an indented oval (Charles Thomas Fox [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
CF (Charles Thomas Fox [ L ]) mid 19th c.
CF (Crispin Fuller [ L ] ) end 18th c./beginning 19th c.
CF (Charles Thomas Fox [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
C.F (not identified - possibly Charles Favel of Creswich & Co - [ S ] ) 1870
CFH under a crown (Charles Frederick Hancock [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
CF.H& Co ( C F Hancock & Co [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
CG (Clement Gowland [ N ] ) mid 19th c.
C.G (Charles Gibson [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
C.G into a chamfered rectangle (Charles Gordon [ L ] ) entered 1828
C.G into an oval (Carlo Giuliano [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
CG over AG (Carol Giuliano & Arthur Giuliano [ L ] )
CH (Christian Hillan [ L ] )
CH (Charles Hougham [ L ]) 18th c./2nd half
CH (Charles Hougham [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
CH under a crown under a cross (John Chartier [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
C.H (Christopher Haines [ D ] )18th c./2nd half
C.H into a cut corners rectangle (Charles, Alfred Henry & Francis Herbert Westwood trading as Charles Harrold & Co [B][C]) end 19th c.
C.H (Charles Horner [ C ] ) end 19th c.-20th c./1st half
C over H B into a trefoil (C H Beatson [S] ) 20th c./1st half
CHELTENHAM (Chelthenam & Co [B] ) mid 20th c.
CHJ & Co into an oval (not identified) London 1928
CH over JE into a quatrefoil (Hawksworth, Eyre & Co -Charles Hawksworth & John Eyre- [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
C.H.T into three conjoined circles (Charles Douglas Richard Hanbury-Tracy, 4th Baron Sudeley [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
C.H.W over F.H.H. (Charles Henry White & Francis Henry Hawkins [ B ][ C ] ) 19th c./2nd half
HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified makers
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
work in progress on this page - your help, corrections and suggestions will be greatly appreciated -