HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: JA-JC
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = Chester   [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDIMBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW    [L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   
[S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE
J&B into a shield (Jones & Stevenson [ B ] ) end 19th c.
J&C into a shield (Jones & Crompton -Edward Samuel Jones & Hubert Crompton- [ B ][ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
J&Co (Joseph Jennens & Co [ B ] ) end 19th c/20th c./1st half
J&over JM over Ld into a shield (J & J Maxfield Ltd [ B ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
J&JW (James & Josiah Williams [ EX ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J&PD (not identified) Glasgow 1853
J&RG (J & R Griffin -Joseph & Richard Griffin- [ C ] ) end 19th c/20th c./1st half
J&T into three squares (Jenkins & Timm [ S ] ) entered 1900
J&T gothic into three squares (Jenkins & Timm [ S ] ) entered 1892
J&W over Ld into a trefoil (Jones & Willis Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
J&WM (James & William Marshall [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
J&W.M (J & W Mitchell [ G ] ) mid 19th c.
JA 'elephant' A (James Allan [Madras - INDIA] ) c. 1815
JA into a shield (J Asherheim [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
JA into two circles (James Aitchison [ L ] ) end 19th c/20th c./1st half
JA (Joseph Angell [ L ] )
JA (John Adams [ EX ] ) end 19th c.

J.A (James Allen [ B ] ) end 19th c.
J.A (Joseph Angell I [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
J.A into two circles (Joseph Angell II [ L ] ) mid 19th c.
JA over & over GA into a quatrefoil (Joseph & George Angell [ L ] ) mid 19th c.
J.AC into an oval (James Adam Chalk [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J A over F into a trefoil (John A Fetter [ G ] ) 20th c./1st half
JA over 'star' over IA into a quatrefoil (Joseph & John Angell [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JA over & over JA into a quatrefoil (Joseph Angell senior & Joseph Angell junior [ L ] ) mid 19th c.
JA over IA (Joseph & John Angell [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JA over 'pellet' over JA into a quatrefoil (Joseph Angell I & Joseph Angell II [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JA over JS into a quatrefoil (John Aldwinckle & James Slater [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J over AR into a trefoil (Jehoiada Alsop Rhodes [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J.A.R (J A Restall [ B ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J over ASH over E into a pointed cross (Joseph, Albert, Horace & Ethelbert Savory [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JA over TS into a quatrefoil (John Aldwinckle & Thomas Slater [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J imposed on B (Jes Barkentin [ L ] )
JB into two conjoined circles (James Beebe [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB (James Beebe [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB (James Bell [ N ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB into an indented oval (James Barber [ Y ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB (Henry Wilkinson & Co -John Brashier- [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JB in an oval (Joseph Braham [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JB (Joseph Bettridge [ B ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB (Joseph Bent [ B ] ) mid 19th c.
JB into a cut corner rectangle (Henry Wilkinson & Co -John Brashier- [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JB into two conjoined circles (John Biggin and John Biggin Ltd [ S ] ) 20th c.
JB into a shield (J. Bartlett [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
J.B (Jan Beyleveld [CAPE]) 1820 c.
J.B&Co (J Boseck & Co [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
JB over &Co (James Barber & Co [ Y ] ) 19th c./1st half
J.B. & S.(J Blond & Son or Ballantyne & Son [ G ]) 19th c./2nd half
JB over AJ (Jane Brownett & Alexander Jones [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JBC into a quatrefoil (Carrington & Co -John Bodman Carrington- [ B ][ L ] ) end 19th c.
JBC &S (J B Chatterley & Sons Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c.
JBC & S (JB Chatterley & Sons [ B ][ S ]) 20th c./2nd half
JBC over &S over Ld into a shield (JB Chatterley & Sons Ltd [ B ][ E ][ L ] ) 20th c.
JBC over B (JB Chatterley & Sons [ B ])
JBH (James Barclay Hennell [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JB Ld (John Bull Ltd [ L ][ S ] ) 2002

J.Brs (Jones Bros [ B ] ) beginning 20th c.
J.B.& S. (J Blond & Son [ G ] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
J.B over C.C over W.N (James Barber, George Cattle II & William North [ Y ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB over WN into a rectangle (James Barber & William North [ Y ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB over WN into a quatrefoil(James Barber & William North [ Y ] ) 19th c./1st half
JB over WW (James Barber & William Whitwell [ Y ] ) 19th c./1st half
JC (Joseph Carnell [ B ] ) mid 19th c.
JC into a rectangle (John Corfield [ B ]) entered 1807
JC (John Crouch [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
JC (John Clarke or John Coakley or John Clifton or James Critchley [ C ]) 19th c./1st half
JC (John Chisholm -possibly- [ G ]) 19th c./1st half
J.C (Jacques Cartier [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
J.C (James Crichton [ G ]) 19th c.
J.C ( J. Crichton & Co - possibly - [E]) end 19th c.
J.C&Co Ld (J Collyer & Co Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
J.C & S (Joseph Cook & Son Ltd [ B ][ C ][ L ]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J.C.E (James Charles Edington [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JCH intertwined under a crown (Charles Johnston Hill [L] ) 19th c./2nd half
J.C.L. (John Charles Lowe [ L ] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
J C above L into a trefoil (not identified) London 1938
J.C L td into three conjoined circles (not identified [ B ]) 1947
JC over NC into a quaterfoil (J & N Creswick [ L ][ S ] ) mid 19th c.
J.C.S (John Crane Salt [ L ]) 19th c./2nd half
J.C.V (John Collard Vickery [ B ][ C ][ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified makers
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
work in progress on this page - your help, corrections and suggestions will be greatly appreciated -