HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: JD-JH
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = Chester   [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDIMBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW    [L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   
[S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE
JD in script (Jabez Daniel [ L ] ) mid 18th c.
JD (James Dicks [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
J.D into a shield (James Dudley [ L ] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
J.D&Co Ld (Johnson, Durban & Co Ltd [ B ] ) beginning 20th c.
JD over & S (James Deakin & Sons [ S] ) end 19th c/20th c./1st half
J.D over &S into a shield (James Deakin & Sons [ S ] ) end 19th c/20th c./1st half
J.D over & over S into a trefoil (James Dixon & Sons [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
J.D & S into a shield (James Dixon & Sons [ B ][ L ][ S ]) end 19th c./ 20th c.
J.D Ld (James Dewsnap Ltd [ L ] ) beginning 20th c.
J.D over McA (John D McAllister [ G ]) mid 20th c.
JD over WD into a shield (James Deakin & Sons -John & William Deakin- [ B ][ C ][ L ][ S ] ) end 19th c./ 20th c.
JE under a crown (John Elston [ EX ] ) beginning 18th c.
JE (James Edwards [ L ] )mid 19th c.
JE intertwined (Edmund Johnson [ D ][ S ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J.E in script into a quatrefoil (John Emes [ L ] ) end 18th c/beginning 19th c.
J.E into a rectangle (Joseph Ettlinger [ L ] ) end 19th c.

J.E.B. (John Eldershaw Brunt [L] ) 19th c./1st half
J.E.B (J E Bushell [ B ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J.E.B (Walker & Hall -John Edward Bingham- [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JEB into three circles (James Edward Barry [ S ] ) mid 20th c.
J over EBW over J into a quatrefoil (John, Edward, Walter & John Barnard (Barnard & Sons) [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JEE over T in a pentagon and pseudo English hallmarks (James E.Ellis [CANADA] ) c.1850/1880
J.E.V (J E Vernon [ E ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
J.F (James Fenton [ B ][ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
J.F (Joseph Fulton [ EX ] ) mid 19th c.
J-F (James Fenton & Co [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
JFF over FF into a shield (Fenton Bros -John Frederick Fenton & Frank Fenton- [ L ][ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JF over EH into a quaterfoil (Frazer & Haws [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
JG in script (James Gibbons [ L ] ) mid 18th c.
JG in script under a crown (R & S Garrard & Co -James Garrard- [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JG (Joseph Goss [ EX ] ) beginning 19th c.
JG (John Golding [ EX ] ) mid 19th c.
JG (John Gammage [ B ] ) mid 19th c.
JG in script under a crown (R & S Garrard & Co -James Garrard- [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J.G (John Gilbert - John Gilbert & Co [ B ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J.G (Joseph Gloster [ B ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J.G &S (John Grinsell & Sons [ B ][ L ]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J.G over F.P (Joseph Goss & Francis Parsons [ EX ] ) 19th c./1st half.
JG over &S into a shield (J Gilbert & Son [B] ) end 19th c.
J.G Ltd into three circles (J Gloster Ltd [B] ) 20th c.
JH (John Hines [B] ) beginning 20th c.
JH in script (John Holland (I) [L] ) 18th c./1st half
JH in script (Jonathan Hayne [L] ) 19th c./1st half
J.H into two circles (Sibray, Hall & Co -Job Frank Hall- [L][ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JH (J Hay [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half.
JH (Joseph Hicks [ EX ] ) end 18th c./beginning 19th c.
JH (Jason Holt [ PLYMOUTH ] ) end 18th c.
JH into two conjoined circles (Joseph Hicks [ EX ] ) beginning 19th c.
J H intertwined (J Hall & Co [ G ] ) 20th c./1st half
J H intertwined (John Hart [ G ] ) 20th c./2nd half

JH in script (James Hewitt [ E ] ) 18th c./2nd half
JH over * (Joseph Heming [ L ] )
JH & Co (John Hardman & Co [ B ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
JH & Co (James Hardy & Co [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
JH & Co into an oblong rectangle (Jos Haywood & Co [ G ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
J.H & Co (J Hudson & Co [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
J H &Co (J Hill & Co [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
JH &Co (James Howden & Co [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half.
J.H over & over Co into a trefoil (Joseph Heming & Co [ L ] ) end 19th c./20th c.
JH &S (J Hamilton & Son [ E ] ) 19th c./2nd half.
j H & over Ss Co (John Harvey & Sons Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
J.H.B over H.B into a trefoil (Z Barraclough & Sons -James Henry & Herbert Barraclough- [ L ][ S ] ) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
J.H.H (J H Hillcox [ B ] ) end 19th c.
J H L into a clover (John H Lunn [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
JHO (not identified) London 1975
J.H.P. (John Henry Potter [ S ] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
J H P into three squares (John Henry Potter [ S ] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
J.H.P without outline (John Henry Wynn (possibly) [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
 JHR into a chamfered rectangle (John Henry Rawlings [ L ] ) entered 1887
J.H.R into an oblong chamfered rectangle (John Horatio Risdon trading as Inderwick & Co [ L ] ) entered 1907
JHW over SON & over Co Ltd (J H Worrall, Son & Co Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified makers
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
work in progress on this page - your help, corrections and suggestions will be greatly appreciated -