HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: JJ-JP
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = Chester   [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDIMBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW    [L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   
[S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE
JJ and English pseudo hallmarks (Jacob Josephson [AUSTRALIA]) 1820 c.
J.J (Jay, Richard Attenborough & Co -James Charles Jay- (possibly) [C]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
J.J.J.W. into a chamfered rectangle (James Johnson & John Walker [L]) entered 1872
JJV in script and English pseudo-hallmarks (Jacobus Johannes Vos [CAPE]) 1860 c.
J.K into a quatrefoil (John Kilpatrick [L]) 19th c./2nd half
J.K.B (Hawksworth, Eyre & Co Ltd -James Kebberling Bembridge- [S]) end 19th c.
J.L in script (John Lampfert [L]) 18th c./2nd half
JL (John Linnit [L]) 19th c./1st half
J.L into a chamfered rectangle (John Lawrence - possibly- [B]) 19th c./1st half
J.L (John Linegar [B]) 19th c./2nd half
JLG into three conjoined circles (Jean Le Gallais JERSEY [L]) mid 19th c.
J over LG into a trefoil (Jean Le Gallais -Jersey maker- [L]) mid 19th c.
J.M (John Mitchell [G]) 19th c./1st half
J.M thistle and key (John Mast [CALCUTTA - INDIA]) 19th c./1st half
JM&Co (not identified [L]) 1958
J.M-A (not identified) Birmingham 1972
JMc (James McKay [ E ] ) 19th c.
J.M over & over E.M into a quatrefoil (James Moore & Edward Murray [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
J.M.B (John Millward Banks [ B ][ C ][ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
J.M.Jr into a rectangle (John Muir, Jr or John Murray [ G ] ) 19th c./1st half
JML (Joseph M Latimer [ N ] ) 19th c./1st half
JML and English pseudo-hallmarks (Johannes Martinus Lotter [CAPE] ) 1850 c.
J.M.S (J Muirhead & Sons [ G ] ) 19th c./2nd half
JN (James Nasmyth [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half.
JN (John Nowell [S] ) 19th c.
JN in script (John Meek [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half.
JN &Co (James Nasmyth & Co [ E ] ) mid 19th c.
J.N &S (JJ Nowill & Sons [ S ] ) 19th c./1st half
J.N (James Nasmyth [ E ] ) 19th c.

J.N.M into shields of varied shape (John Newton Mappin [ C ][ L ][ S ]) 19th c./2nd half
JNM over GW (Mappin & Webb -John Newton Mappin & George Webb- [L]) 19th c./2nd half
JO in script (John Osborne [ D ] ) end 18th c.
JO (John Osment [ EX ] ) 19th c./1st half.
JO in script (James Orr [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half.
JP in script (John Payne [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
JP (John Power [ D ] ) end 18th c./beginning 19th c.
JP (John Power or John Powell [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
JP (Joseph Price [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
JP into a shield (John Pinder & Co -subsequently James Pinder & Co- [ S ]) end 19th c.
JP into an octagon (not identified) Birmingham 1908
JP into an octagon (John Pinches Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
J.P (James Payne [ L ])19th c./1st half
J.P into a rectangle (chamfered) (John Pittar [ D ] ) end 18th c./beginning 19th c.
JP &Co (John Pound & Co [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
J star P over & Co (J Parkes & Co [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
JP over FP into a square (Pairpoint Bros -John & Frank Pairpoint- [ L ] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
JPC (John Paul Cooper [ L ] )

HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified makers
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
work in progress on this page - your help, corrections and suggestions will be greatly appreciated -