HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: DA-DZ
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = Chester   [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDIMBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW    [L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   
[S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE and ON THE GREEN NAME FOR INFORMATION
D&A (Daniel & Arter [ B ][ L ] ) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
D& A (Docker & Burn Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D & B (Docker & Burn Ltd [ B ][ C ]) 20th c./1st half
D over & over D S into a trefoil (Davis, Duff & Son [ B ]) 20th c./1st half
D & F into two conjoined circles (Deakin & Francis Ltd -Stephen Henry Deakin & John Horace Francis [ B ][ C ]) end 19th c./20th c.
D& H (in gothic) (Deykin & Harrison Limited [ B ] ) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
D & I into a rectangle (Danziger & Isaacs [ B ][ C ]) beginning 20th c.
D&J (Ducrow & Jackson [ B ] ) end 19th c./
D&J.W (Daniel & John Henry Wellby [ L ] )19th c./2nd half
D&J over W into a shield (D& J Welby Limited [ L ] )20th c./1st half
D&LB (D&J (Ducrow & Jackson [ B ] ) end 19th c./
D&M (Dick & McPherson [ E ] )19th c./1st half
D&M (Duff & Millar [ G ] )19th c./2nd half
D & M (not identified) Birmingham 1871
D&M over D into a shield (D & M Davis -David & Maurice Davis- [ B ][ L ][ S ] ) end 19th c./20th c.
D & P into three circles (Davies & Powers [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D&S (Dowler & Sons [ B ] ) end 19th c./
D&S (J Dixon & Son [ S ] )19th c./1st half
D & S into an indented rectangle (Duncan & Scobbie [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D & S into three coinjoined circles (not identified) Sheffield 1964
Da (Isaac Dalton [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
DA over a star (Isaac Davenport [ L ] ) end 17th c.
DA into a rectangle (David Aitken [ L ]) beginning 20th c.

DAB (David A Bowles [ L ] ) end 20th c.
DB (David Bell [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
DB (Daniel Beets [CAPE] ) 1820 c.
DB into a rectangle (David Bridge [L] ) entered 1885
D.B into an oval (Derek Birch [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
DBD between two stars (Du Moulin Dominique Baudouin [CAPE] ) 19th c./1st half
D.Bs (Down Bros [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
D over B (Hamish Dawson-Bowman [ G ] )mid 20th c.
D BROs into an indented rectangle (Dingley Bros [ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.BROs (Dingley Bros or Davies Brothers [ B ] ) 20th c.
D.C (D Crichton [ E ] ) end 19th c.
D.C over Co over Ld into a shield (Douglas Clock Co Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.C.R (David Crichton Rait [ E ][ G ][ S ] ) mid 19th c.
D.D.M.D into a shield (David Davis & Maurice Davis [ L ] ) end 19th c.
DD over & over M.D into a shield (David Davis & Maurice Davis [ L ] ) end 19th c.
DD over ID (David Darling & James Bell [ N ] ) 19th c./1st half
DE (Daniel Egan [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
DE over GE into a quaterfoil (David Edward & George Edward trading as Edward & Sons [ B ][ C ][L][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
DE over GE into a quaterfoil (David Herbert Edward & George Edward trading as Edward & Sons [ B ][ C ][L][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
DE into a quaterfoil with star and flower (William Denny [L] ) 18th c./1st half
DF (Daniel Ferguson [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
DF into a rectangle (Dora Fresco [ L ]) entered 1893
D.F. (D Fraser [ G ] ) 19th c./2nd half
D.F into an oval (Josiah Williams & Co -David Landsborough Fullerton- [ L ]) 20th c./1st half
DG (David Gray [ E ] ) mid 19th c.
D G C into two separate circles and a square (Daniel George Collins [ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.G.C (Daniel George Collins [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.G.C into a shield (Daniel George Collins [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.H (David Hennell I [ L ] ) mid 18th c.
D.H (Daniel Hockley [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
DH into a lozenge (Douglas Healey [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
DH & Co (Daniel Holy & Co [ S] ) end 18th c./19th c./1st half
DH&S (David Hollander & Sons Ltd [ B ]) 20th c./2nd half
D.H&S (Davidson, Henderson & Sorley [ G ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.H &S (David Hollander & Son [B][C] ) 20th c./2nd half
DH over CH in a quatrefoil (Daniel & Charles Houle [L] ) 19th c./2nd half
DH over TB (Daniel Hockley & Thomas Bosworth [L] ) 19th c./1st half
DI into a rectangle or into an oval (Dike Impey [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
DJ into two conjoined circles (Daniel Jacobs [ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
DK under a crown (David King [ D ] ) 18th c./1st half
DK into a rectangle (Daniel Ker [ E ] ) 18th c./2nd half
DK into an oval (Daniel Kirkes [ C ] ) 18th c./1st half
D.L (Denis Langton [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
D.L into an oval (Dorothy Langlands [ N ] ) 19th c./1st half
D.L (Schindler & Co -David Loebl- [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
D.L (David Lawrence Silverware [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
DL into an oval (Dorothy Langlands [ N ] ) 19th c./1st half
D.L.INC (Douglas Lorie Inc [ L] ) mid 20th c.
D.L.R.Ld into separate squares (De La Rue Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
DM in script (David Marshall [ E ] ) 18th c./2nd half
D.M (David Mowden [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
D.M&Co (Davis, Moss & Co [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
DMcD (Donald -or David?- McDonald [ E ][ G ] ) 19th c./1st half
DMcG (Daniel McGraw [ E ]) 19th c./2nd half
D M Co in separate squares (Daniel Manufacturing Company [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
DM over TS in quaterfoil (Dorothy Mills &Thomas Sarbitt [ L ] ) mid 18th c.
DN into two conjoined circles (Duke Norton [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
DP (Douglas Pell Silverware [ B ] ) end 20th c.
D.P (Daniel Piers [ L ] ) mid 18th c.
D.P (David Pettifer [ B ] ) mid 19th c.
D.P (Daniel Popkins [ D ] ) mid 18th c.

DP in script (Daniel Peter [ D ] ) mid 18th c.
DP (David Pontifix [ L ] ) end 18th c./19th c./1st half
DP (David Philips [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
DR (Daniel Robertson [ G ] ) 19th c./1st half
DR&Co (Daniel Robertson & Co [ G ] ) 19th c./2nd half
D.R.M into three conjoined cartouches (not identified [ L ] ) 2004
D 'star' S (James Dixon & Sons -possibly- [B ] ) mid 19th c.
DS (Dorothy Sarbitt [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
DS in script (Daniel Smith [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
DS&S (David Sutton & Sons [ L ] ) mid 20th c.
DS over BS (Digby Scott & Benjamin Smith [ L ] ) end 18th c./19th c./1st half
D over SN into a clover (Sharman D Neill [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
DS over RS over IS (Digby Scott & Benjamin Smith & James Smith [ L ] )
D.S (Daniel Sutherland [ G ] ) 19th c./1st half
D.T (David Taylor [ G ] ) 19th c./2nd half
DT into a six sides polygon (Dollie Turner [ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
DU over NH (Duncan Urquhart & Naphtali Hart [ L ] ) end 18th c./19th c./1st half
D over WI (William & John Deane [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
DW over JW (Daniel & John Wellby [ L ] ) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
DW JW (Daniel & John Wellby [ L ] ) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
DZ into a rectangle (David Zimmer [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified makers
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
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