HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: PB-PZ
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = Chester   [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDIMBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW    [L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   
[S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE
PB under a crown (Peter Bennett [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
PB over AB (Peter & Ann Bateman [ L ]) end 18th c.
PB over AB over WB (Peter Anne and William Bateman [ L ]) end 18th c/beginning 19th c.
PB over IB (Peter & Jonathan Bateman [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
P.Bros (Purcell Bros [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
P BRS into two rectangles (Pinder Brothers Ltd [ B ][S]) 20th c.
PB over WB (Peter & William Bateman [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
PC in script (Paul Crespin [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
P.C Co Ld (Park Green Co Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
PC over &S (P Cunningham & Son [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
PC&S (P Cunningham & Son [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
PD and English pseudo-hallmarks (Peter Clarke Daniel [CAPE]) 1850 c.
PD over & into a trefoil (Pembroke & Dingley [ B ][ C ] ) end 19th c.
P.D &Co (not identified [ B ]) 1945

Pe & over SONS (Pearce & Sons [ B ][ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
P.F.A (Philip Frederick Alexander [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
P.G (Peter Guille Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
PG (Phineas Garde [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
PG (Peter Grierson [ E ][ G ] ) 19th c./1st half
PG (Perry, Glossop & Co [ S ] ) 21th c.
PGD over & Sn in script into a cinquefoil (P G Dodd & Son [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
P.H.A in script (Philip Hanson Abbot [ G ] [ L ][ S ]) 20th c./1st half
P.H.B (P H Bennet [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
PH over D over CW into a quaterfoil (Dobson & Sons -Percy Holmes Dobson & Charles Westcott Dobson- [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
PHV &Co (P H Vogel & Co [ B ] ) mid 20th c.
PHV over &Co (P H Vogel & Co [ B ][ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
PK over &Pinto a shield (Page, Keen & Page [ B ][ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
P.J.F (P J Finch [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
PL under a crown over a fleur de lys (Pierre Platel [ L ]) entered 1699
PL and English pseudo-duty mark (Pierre Lesperance [CANADA] ) 1819-1882
PL (Peter Lambert [ E ][ N ] ) 19th c./1st half
PL (Patrick Leonard [ C ] ) 19th c./1st half
PL under a star (Paul de Lamerie [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
PM (Peter Mathie [ E ] ) 18th c./2nd half
PM (P Moore [ D ]) 19th c./1st half
PM (Pobjoy Mint Ltd [ S ] ) 20th c./2nd half
P.N (Philip Norman [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
PN and English pseudo-hallmarks (Peter Nordbeck [CANADA] ) 1789-1861
PN NS and English pseudo-hallmarks (Peter Nordbeck [CANADA] ) 1789-1861

PO (Philip Osment [ EX ] ) 19th c./2nd half
P.ORR &SONS (P.Orr & Sons [Madras (INDIA) ] ) end 19th c.
P.P (Peter Podie [ L ] ) end 18th c.
P.P &Co (Payton, Pepper & Co [ B ] ) 19th c./2nd half
PPLd (Payton, Pepper & Sons Ltd [B][C] ) end 19th c/beginning 20th c.
P over P Ltd into a shield (Poston Products Ltd [ S ] ) 20th c./2nd half
P over PLTd into a shield (Poston Products Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
PR (Phillip Rundell [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
PR (Patrick Robertson [ E ] ) 18th c./2nd half
PS in script (Pentecost Symonds [ EX ] ) 18th c./1st half
PS into two indented conjoined circles (Paul Storr [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
PS (Patrick Segrave [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
PS (Peter Sutherland [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
PS under &into a trefoil (Payne & Son [ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./2nd half
P.S into two conjoined circles (Paul Storr [ L ]) end 18th c/beginning 19th c.
PW (Peter Walsh or Philip Weekes [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
P.W (Percy Horace Arthur Whitehouse [ L ] ) beginning 20th c.
HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
THE DIRECTORY OF CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified makers
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
work in progress on this page - your help, corrections and suggestions will be greatly appreciated -