HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: GC - GG
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
(click on the photo to enlarge image)
GC mark, George Cunningham, Edinburgh 1855
GC
George Cunningham
Edinburgh 1855 hallmark
G.D.R in a chamfered rectangle mark, George D Rattray, Glasgow 1915
G.D.R in a chamfered rectangle
George D Rattray,
Dundee
Glasgow 1915 hallmark
G.E mark, George Elder, Glasgow 1847
G.E
George Elder
Glasgow 1847 hallmark
GE & S mark, George Edward & Son, Glasgow 1871
GE & S
George Edward & Son
Buchanan Street, Glasgow
Glasgow 1871 hallmark
GEC mark,George Edward Gee -possibly-, Birmingham 1910
G.E.G
George Edward Gee
58 Tenby Street, Birmingham
Birmingham 1900 hallmark
G.E.H mark, George Ernest Hawkins, Birmingham 1901 - courtesy Johnboy's Antiques Emporium
G.E.H
George Ernest Hawkins
Birmingham 1901 hallmark
G.E.W mark, G E Walton & Co Ltd -George Edwin Walton-, Birmingham 1900
G.E.W
G E Walton & Co Ltd -George Edwin Walton-
Birmingham 1900 hallmark
GF mark, George Fenwick , Edinburgh 1809
GF
George Fenwick
Edinburgh 1809 hallmark
G F into two conjoined circles mark, George Ferris, Exeter 1828
G F into two conjoined circles
George Ferris
Exeter 1828 hallmark
GF in script into a shield mark, not identified, Malta 1834
GF in script into a shield
not identified
Malta 1834 hallmark
GF mark, George Fox, London 1847
GF
George Fox
London 1904 hallmark
G.F.B mark,George Frank Bickerton (possibly), Birmingham 1923
G.F.B
George Frank Bickerton (possibly)
Birmingham 1923 hallmark
G.F.P mark,George Frederick Pinnell, London 1847
G.F.P
George Frederick Pinnell
London 1847 hallmark
G.F.W &S into a sort of oblong shield mark, G F Westwood & Sons, Birmingham 1918
G.F.W &S into a sort of oblong shield
G F Westwood & Sons
mark entered in 1912
Birmingham 1918 hallmark
GG, George Gray mark struck over Peter and Anne Bateman
GG
George Gray struck over Peter and Anne Bateman
London 1795 hallmark
GG into an oval mark, George Guest , London 1878
GG into an oval
George Guest
London 1878 hallmark
GG into two conjoined circles mark, Gustave Guilaudet, London 1880
GG into two conjoined circles
 Gustave Guilaudet
London 1880 hallmark
GG mark, George Gray,London 1901
GG
 George Gray
London 1901 hallmark
GG into an oval mark, George Gilliam, London 1906
GG into an oval
George Gilliam
London 1906 hallmark
HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER - MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
CAPE SILVERSMITHS A - C D - I J - M N - T U - Z
CHANNEL ISLANDS SILVERSMITHS A - F G - H I - P Q - Z unidentified
CANADA SILVERSMITHS A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS
London town marks Birmingham town marks Dublin town marks Edinburgh town marks Sheffield town marks Exeter town marks
London Birmingham Dublin Edinburgh Sheffield Chester
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each piece.
The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the assay office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edimburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion's passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased certifiying the silver's quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the assay office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
work in progress on this page - your help, corrections and suggestions will be greatly appreciated -