HALLMARKS OF ENGLISH SILVER DIRECTORY
MAKER'S MARK IDENTIFICATION

WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS
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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MARKS: HH-HZ
ALPHABETICAL LISTING
OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES		 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
  [B] = BIRMINGHAM    [C] = CHESTER  [D] = DUBLIN  [E] = EDINBURGH  [EX] = EXETER  [G] = GLASGOW   
[L] = LONDON  [N] = NEWSCASTLE   [S] = SHEFFIELD   [Y] = YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE and ON THE GREEN NAME FOR INFORMATION
H.H without contour (not identified [ B ] ) 1918
HH (Henry Hayens [ L ] ) mid 18th c.
HH (Henry Hobdell [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
HH (Hyam Hyams [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
HH (Harrison Brothers & Howson [ S ] ) mid 19th c./mid 20th c.
HH gothic into a rectangle (H Hayes [ B ] ) entered 1896
HH into two conjoined circles (Henry Holland -of Holland, Aldwinckle & Slater- [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
HH into two conjoined circles (Harrison & Hipwood -possibly-[ S ] ) mid 19th c./mid 20th c.
HH in script into two conjoined circles (Historical Heirlooms Ltd [ S ] ) 20th c./2nd half
H.H (Henry Holland of Holland, Aldwinckle & Slater) [ L ] ) mid 19th c.
HH&S into a shield (Henry Hobson & Son [ S ] ) entered 1894
HH&S into an oblong rectangle (Henry Hobson & Sons [ B ][ L ] ) beginning 20th c.
HH&S into an oval (Harold Gardner & Edward Stanley Gardner-Powell trading as H.Huntley & Sons [ B ][ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
H.H.I (Highland Home Industries [ E ] ) 20th c./1st half
H.H.P into three circles (H H Plante -Henry Hodson Plante- [ B ][ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
H.I and pseudo English Lion passant (James Hanna [CANADA] ) 1763-1807
HIE into a rectangle (Highpoint Import Export Ltd [B]) 20th c./2nd half
H.J &G into an oval (Hobson, James & Gilby [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
HJ (Hjaltasteyn Ltd [ E ] ) 20th c./2nd half
HJ intertwined (J Hall & Co [ G ] ) 20th c./1st half
HJ intertwined (John Hart [ G ] ) 20th c./1st half
H.J.C & Co Ld into an oblong rectangle (H.J. Cooper & Co Ltd [ B ][ C ][ L ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
HJH (Henry James Hulbert [ B ][ L ] ) 20th c./1st half

HJI into an oval (Henry James Iveson [B][L] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
HJL (Henry John Lias [ L ]) 19th c./2nd half
HJL over JW into a lobed cartouche (Henry John Lias & James Wakely [ L ]) entered 1879
HK into an oval (Henry Kaufman [ C ][ L ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
HK over GB into a square (Henry Keat & George Braddock [ L ] ) entered 1884
H.K into an oval (Herbert Kerby [ C ] ) entered 1869
HK.GB into an oblong rectangle (Henry Keat & George Braddock [ L ] ) entered 1884
HL into a shield (Lambert & Co -Herbert Charles Lambert- [ L ] ) entered 1902
H.L& Co into an oblong rectangle (Hamilton Laidlaw & Co [ S ] ) entered 1906
HL over HL (Henry John Lias and Henry John Lias [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
HM in script (Hugh Mills [ L ] ) entered 1746
HM (Henry Muirhead [ G ] ) 19th c./1st half
HM (Henry Manton [ B ] ) mid 19th c.
H M into two squares (Henry Matthews [B][C] ) end 19th c./ beginning 20th c.
H M into two lozenges (H Moreton [B][C] ) 20th c./1st half
HM without contour (Hector Miller [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
HM and English pseudo-hallmarks (Henry Mignovitz [CANADA] ) 1826
H.M & Coy (H. Mander & Co [B] ) 20th c./1st half
HMN (Henry M Norris [EX] ) 19th c./1st half
HN (Hannah Northcote [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
HN (Henry Nutting [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
HN over RH (Henry Nutting & Robert Hennell [ L ] )
H.N.M (Henry Nicholas Mills [L] ) end 19th c.
HO (John Holland I [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
HO without cartouche (not identified [L] ) 1999
HP (Humphrey Payne [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
H P into a lozenge (Henry Perkins [ B ] ) end 19th c.
H.P (Henry Plumbton [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
H.P into a rectangle (Henry Potter [ L ] ) entered 1860
H.P (Henry Perkins [ B ][ L ] ) end 19th c.
H P under and over a star (Henry Perkins [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
H P under a crown over &Co into a shield (Hirons, Plante & Co [ B ] ) 19th c./2nd half
H P over & H (Harwood, Plante & Harrison [ B ] ) 19th c./2nd half
H P & S (H Pidduck & Sons [ B ][ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
H P & S into an oblong exagon (Henry Perkins & Sons [ L ]) entered 1909
H P & Ss (Henry Perkins & Sons [ L ] ) entered 1901
H P over LP into a shield (attributed to Herbert & Lawrence Parsons) [ L ] ) 20th c.
HQ into an oval (Henry Robert Quickenden [ L ] ) entered 1907
HR into a rectangle (Henry Reynolds [ L ] ) entered 1847
HR into a rectangle (Henry Charle Richarde [ C ] ) entered 1894
H.R into a rectangle (Henry Rigby [ C ] ) entered c. 1780
H.R into a rectangle (Henry Hewitt & Henry Rock [ S ] ) entered 1799
H.R into a rectangle (Henry Radclyffe [ L ] ) entered 1841
HR & Co into an oblong chamfered rectangle (H. Russell & Co [ L ] ) entered 1904
HR & Co into four conjoined circles (Louis Heaps and Louis Rosemberg for Heaps, Rosemberg & Co [ C ] ) entered 1909
HS or SH (not identified [S (possibly)] ) 1824 (possibly)
Hs (Harrods Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
H S into two circles (Henry Stuart Brown [ L ] ) end 19th c.
H.S (Henry Stratford [L][S] ) 19th c./2nd half
H.S (H Samuel Ltd [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
HS over &.H into a shield (not identified) Birmingham 1882
HSA (Harrow School of Art [ L ] ) 20th c./2nd half
HSE (Henry Samuel Ellis [EX] ) 19th c./2nd half
H over S.H over B (Samuel Herbert &Co [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
H.SLd (Henry Stratford Ltd [L][S]) 20th c./1st half
H.S.Ld (Harrod's Store Ltd [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
H.S over Ld into a shield (not identified [L]) London 1885
HS over MS into a svastika (Henry Simon & Maurice Strauss [ C ][ L ]) 20th c./1st half
H.T (Henry Tatton [ E ]) 20th c./1st half
H thistle T into a quatrefoil (Tatton & Son [ E ]) 20th c./1st half
HT (A.H. Tongue [ B ][ S ]) 19th c./2nd half
HT into a rounded outline (Hubert Tornhill [ L ]) end 19th c.
HT & Co (Hy Tudor & Co [ S] )
HTB (Brockwell & Son -Henry Titterton Brockwell- [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half

HT over TL (Tudor & Leader -Henry Tudor & H U into two squares (Hampton Utilities [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
H U into two conjoined circles (Hampton Utilities [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
H U into two conjoined pentagons (Hampton Utilities [ B ] ) 20th c./2nd half
HV over AV into a shield (Henry Vander & Arthur Vander -CJ Vander- [ C ][ L ] ) beginning 20th c.
H.V.P. over &Co into a shield (H V Pithey & Co [ B ][C] ) 20th c./1st half
HW into an octagon (Henry Wilkinson & Co [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
HW into a rectangle (Henry Wilkinson [ L ][S] ) 19th c./2nd half - beginning 20th c.
HW into a quatrefoil (not identified [L] ) 1858
HW into a rectangle (not identified [B] ) 1882
H.W (Harry Wigfull of Lee & Wigfull [ L ] ) end 19th c.
H.W (Lee & Wigfull -Henry Wigfull- [ L ][ S ] ) end 19th c./ beginning 20th c.
H.W cutting in no surround (Arthur Hamill Westwood [B] ) 20th c./2nd half
HWC (Henry William Curry [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
HW over & Co into a quatrefoil (Henry Wilkinson & Co [ L ][ S] ) 19th c.
HW over & Co into a shield (Henry Wilkinson & Co [ S] ) entered 1851
HW over & Co into a shield (Henry Wilkinson & Co [ S] ) entered before 1877
H over W&Co over Ld (Horace Woodward & Co Ltd [ B ][ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
H.W.D into three circles (Henry William Dee [ L ] ) entered 1867
HW over K (Henry William King [C] ) end 19th c.
H.W.Ld. or H-W-Ld (Henry Williamson Ltd [ B ][ C ][ L ][ S ] ) end 19th c./ beginning 20th c.
H W Ltd into three squares (not identified [ S ] ) 1899
H.Y without contour (Henry Yardley [ C ][ L ] ) entered c. 1860
HyA into an oval (Henry Adamson [ C ] ) entered c. 1830
HyA into a square (Henry Adamson [ C ] ) entered c. 1830
HZ into a rectangle (Harris Zielinsky [ L ] ) entered 1908
The hallmarking of British silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of the origin and the age of each silver piece manufactured or traded in the UK. The marks are:

Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the Assay Office that has verified the piece
London town mark Sheffield town mark Birmingham town mark Newcastle town mark Dublin town mark Edinburgh town mark Glasgow town mark

Lion passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased, certifiying the silver quality
lion passant: 1598-1820 lion passant: after 1820 Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718
Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office (usually the initials of Christian name and surname of the silversmith)

Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the Assay Office
London date letter 'a'
A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of the duty
Sovereign head: duty mark from 1784 to 1890
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