ENGLISH SILVER HALLMARKS DIRECTORY
SILVER MAKERS MARKS IDENTIFICATION
WITH THE ADDITION OF SCOTTISH, IRISH, CHANNEL ISLANDS AND COLONIES SILVERMITHS



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BRITISH SILVERSMITHS - ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF SILVER MAKERS MARKS
THE DIRECTORY OF MAKER'S MARKS
CA - CH
AA/AE    AF/AZ    BA/BZ    CA/CH    CI/CZ    DA/DZ    EA/EZ    FA/FZ    GA/GZ    HA/HG    HH/HZ    IA/IG    IH/IZ    JA/JC    JD/JI    JJ/JP    JQ/JS    JT/JZ    KA/LZ    MA/MZ    NA/PA    PB/PZ    QA/RJ    RK/RZ    SA/SG    SH/SZ    TA/TH    TI/TZ    UA/WB    WC/WF    WG/WL    WM/WS    WT/ZZ   

MARKS' IMAGES
A&/AC    AD/AK    AL/AZ    B&/BB    BC/BO    BP/BZ    C&/CA    CB/CC    CD/CF    CG/CL    CM/CS    CT/CZ    D&/DB    DC/DL    DM/DZ    E&/EA    EB/ED    EE/EH    EI/EO    EP/EZ    F&/FD    FE/FJ    FK/FZ    G&/GB    GC/GG    GH/GL    GM/GR    GS/GZ    H&/H&    HA/HB    HC/HE    HF/HL    HM/HU    HV/HZ    I&/IG    IH/IL    IM/IZ    J&/JA    JB/JC    JD/JG    JH/JK    JL/JQ    JR/JR    JS/JS    JT/JZ    K&/KZ    L&/LB    LC/LZ    M&/MB    MC/MI    MJ/MZ    N&/NZ    O&/OZ    P&/PK    PL/PZ    QA/QZ    R&/RB    RC/RG    RH/RK    RL/RQ    RR/RZ    S&/SB    SC/SI    SJ/SR    SS/SZ    T&/TC    TD/TG    TH/TN    TO/TS    TT/TZ    U&/UZ    V&/VZ    W&/WA    WB/WB    WC/WC    WD/WE    WF/WG    WH/WL    WM/WM    WN/WR    WS/WS    WT/XZ    Y&/YZ    Z&/ZZ   

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF SILVERSMITHS' NAMES
A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H    I    J    K    L    M    N    O    P    Q    R    S    T    U    V    W    X/Y    Z   

[B]=BIRMINGHAM   [C]=CHESTER   [D]=DUBLIN   [E]=EDINBURGH   [EX]=EXETER   [G]=GLASGOW    [L]=LONDON   [N]=NEWSCASTLE   [S]=SHEFFIELD   [Y]=YORK
(lower-case letter denote smaller ones but they may be capital letters)
CLICK ON THE YELLOW NAME FOR MAKER'S MARK IMAGE and ON THE GREEN NAME FOR INFORMATION


C&A (Collett & Anderson [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&B into a rectangle (Cocks & Bettridge [ B ] ) entered 1796
C&C (Collins & Cook [ B ][ C ][ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half-20th c.
C&C into a chamfered rectangle (Albert Cohen & Charles Soloman -Cohen & Charles [B][C][L][S] ) 20th c.
C&C (not identified) London 1927
C&Co into a chamfered rectangle (Carrington & Co [ L ][ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
C& Co into a chamfered indented rectangle (Collingwood & Co [ L ] ) entered 1912
C&F into a rectangle (Cropp & Farr [ B ][ C ] [ L ] ) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
C&N (Crisford & Norris [ B ][ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&R over C into a trefoil (Charles & Richard Comyns [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&S into a shield (Clark & Sewell [ B ][ C ] ) 20th c./1st half
C&SLtd (Clark & Sewell Ltd [[ S ]) 20th c./1st half
C&SLtd (Collingwood & Sons -Middlesbrough - possibly-[ B ][) 20th c./1st half
C&Sns into an oblong rectangle (Chaplin & Sons [ L] ) entered 1890
C&W (Clark & West [ D] ) 19th c./1st half
C&W (Catchpole & Williams Ltd [ L] ) 20th c.
C&WPt (Charles Padgett & Walter Padgett [ L ] )
CA (Charles Asprey [ L ] ) end 19th c.
CA (Charles Aldridge [ L ] ) end 18th c.
CA over CA (Charles Asprey & Charles Asprey junior [L]) 19th c./2nd half
C.A.F (Charles Arthur Faraday [L]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
C.A.F into a shield (Charles Arthur Faraday [L]) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
C.A under H over G (Charles Aldridge & Henry Green [L]) 18th c./2nd half
CA.GA (Charles Asprey and George Asprey now Asprey & Co [ L ]) end 19th c./20th c./1st half
CAM over ERON Alexander Cameron [E][N]) 19th c./1st half
CB into a rectangle (Charles Boyton I -possibly- [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
CB into a rectangle (Cornelius Bland [L]) mark entered in 1772 and 1788
CB into two conjoined circles (Charles Boyton II [L]) 19th c./2nd half
CB into an oval (Charles Boyton II [L]) 19th c./2nd half
CB into an oval (Charles Boyton & Son [L]) beginning 20th c.
CB into a rectangle (Charles Boyton [L]) 20th c./1st half
C.B into a rectangle (Charles Boyton I [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
CB over &S into a shield (Cooper Bros & Sons [S] ) 20th c.
CB over &over S into a trefoil (Charles Boyton & Son Ltd [L] ) 20th c./1st half
C.B over &S into a shield (Cooper Bros & Sons [S] ) 20th c.
CB over & over S into a clover (Charles Boyton & Son [B][L]) 20th c./1st half
C.B over E.P (Charles Belk & E Parkin [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
CBrs into an oval (Clifford Bros [B] ) 20th c./1st half
C.Brs (Clifford Bros -possibly- [B]) 20th c./1st half
CB over S (Charles Boyton &Sons [ L ][ B ] ) end 19th c.
CBT&Co (C B Thomas & Co [B]) 20th c./1st half
CB over TB (Christopher & Thomas Wilkes Barker [L]) 19th c./1st half


CC (Christopher Cummins [ D ] )19th c./1st half
CC (Clement Cheese [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
CC (not identified [ C ] ) 1900
C.C into a rectangle(Colen Hewer Cheshire [ B ][ C ][ L ] ) end 19th c./beginning 20th c.
C.C (Charles Chesterman II [ L ] ) 18th c./2nd half
C.C into an oval (Charles Cooke [ L ] ) entered 1872
C.C.G.C into an oval (C C G Cave [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
CCP into a quatrefoil (Sibray, Hall & Co -Charles Clement Pilling- [ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
C.C.P into a quatrefoil (Sibray, Hall & Co -Charles Clement Pilling- [ L ][ S ] ) 20th c./1st half
CD (Charles Dickson [ E ] ) mid 18th c.
CD into a rectangle (Charles Dalgleish [ E ] ) 19th c./1st half
CD (Charles Henry Dunemil [ L ] )19th c./2nd half
CDL into an oval (Carel David Lotter [CAPE]) 1815 c.
CE into a shield (Charles Edwards [ L ]) 20th c./1st half
CE (Charles Eley [ L ] 19th c./1st half
C.E into a shield (Charles Edwards [ L ]) 19th c./2nd half-20th c./1st half
C.E (Christopher Eades [ D ] ) 19th c./1st half
C.E into a chamfered rectangle (not identified [ L ]) 1935
Ce&Fd (Constantine & Floyd [ B ][ S ] ) end 19th c.-20th c./1st half
C e & Fd (Constantine & Floyd [ B ]) end of 19th c.
Ce&Fd Ld (Constantine & Floyd Ltd [ B ]) end 19th c.-20th c./1st half
C.EA (Charles Edward Adams [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
CES (Charles Edward Soloman [ B ] ) end 19th c.
C.E.T into an oblong chamfered rectangle (Charles Edwin Turner [ B ] ) entered 1898
C.E.W (C E Williams [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
C.E.W&S (C E Williams & Son [ B ] ) 20th c./1st half
CF into an oval (Charles Faberge [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
CF into an indented oval (Charles Thomas Fox [ L ]) 19th c./1st half
CF (Charles Thomas Fox [ L ]) mid 19th c.
CF (Crispin Fuller [ L ] ) end 18th c./beginning 19th c.
CF (Charles Thomas Fox [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
C.F (not identified - possibly Charles Favel of Creswich & Co - [ S ] ) 1870
CFH under a crown (Charles Frederick Hancock [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
CF.H& Co ( C F Hancock & Co [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
CG (Clement Gowland [ N ] ) mid 19th c.
C.G (Charles Gibson [ L ] ) 19th c./1st half
C.G into a chamfered rectangle (Charles Gordon [ L ] ) entered 1828
C.G into an oval (Carlo Giuliano [ L ] ) 19th c./2nd half
CG over AG (Carol Giuliano & Arthur Giuliano [ L ] )
CH (Christian Hillan [ L ] )
CH (Charles Hougham [ L ]) 18th c./2nd half
CH under a crown under a cross (John Chartier [ L ] ) 18th c./1st half
C.H (Christopher Haines [ D ] )18th c./2nd half
C.H into a cut corners rectangle (Charles, Alfred Henry & Francis Herbert Westwood trading as Charles Harrold & Co [B][C]) end 19th c.
C.H into a chamfered rectangle (Charles Harris [ C ] ) entered 1878
C.H into a chamfered rectangle (Charles Horner Ltd [ C ] ) end 19th c.-20th c./1st half
C H B into three lozenges (C H Beatson [S] ) 20th c./1st half
C over H B into a trefoil (C H Beatson [S] ) 20th c./1st half
CHELTENHAM (Chelthenam & Co [B] ) mid 20th c.
Ch G over & over Co into a shaped contour ( Charles Grappe & Co [ L ] ) mark entered 1913
CH over JE into a quatrefoil (Hawksworth, Eyre & Co -Charles Hawksworth & John Eyre- [ S ] ) 19th c./2nd half
C.H.T into three conjoined circles (Charles Douglas Richard Hanbury-Tracy, 4th Baron Sudeley [ L ] ) 20th c./1st half
C.H.W over F.H.H. (Charles Henry White & Francis Henry Hawkins [ B ][ C ] ) 19th c./2nd half





BRITISH TOWN MARKS AND DATE LETTERS

|DUTY MARKS|    |LEOPARD'S HEAD|    |LONDON MARKS|    |WOMEN SILVERSMITHS|    |PSEUDO HALLMARKS|    |IMPORT MARKS|    |CONTEMPORARY MARKS|    |JOURNEYMAN MARKS|    |HERALDRY & FAMILY CRESTS|    |OLD ADVERTISEMENTS|    |FACTORIES & SHOPS: OLD IMAGES|    |ARTICLES ON ENGLISH SILVER|   


The hallmarking of British sterling silver is based on a combination of marks that makes possible the identification of origin and age of each piece.
Follow this link to learn HOW TO READ ENGLISH/BRITISH STERLING SILVER MARKS

This is the combination of marks used to assay silver:

Town mark, corresponding to the hallmark of the Assay Office which verified the piece


London town mark    Sheffield town mark    Birmingham town mark    Newcastle town mark    Dublin town mark    Edinburgh town mark    Glasgow town mark

Lion passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased, certifying the silver quality

lion passant: 1598-1820    lion passant: after 1820    Britannia and lion's head erased: from 1697 to 1718


Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office (usually the initials of Christian name and surname of the silversmith)

examples of maker's mark


Date letter, in cycles of twenty letters of the alphabet of different shape identifies the year in which the piece was verified by the Assay Office

London date letter 'a' London date letter 'a'


A further mark was used in the period 1784 - 1890:
Sovereign head ('duty mark'), certifying the payment of the duty


Sovereign head: duty mark George III, 1784 Sovereign head: duty mark George III, 1795 Sovereign head: duty mark George IV, 1822 Sovereign head: duty mark George IV, 1825 Sovereign head: duty mark William IV, 1835 Sovereign head: duty mark Victoria, 1838


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